澳 洲 坚 果
 

  在众多的干果之中,原产澳大利亚的澳洲坚果经济价值最高,素有“干果之王”誉称。其果仁含油(不饱和脂肪酸)达 60-80% ,蛋白质和碳水化合物各约 9% ,并含丰富的钙、磷、铁、 B 族维生素及稀有的烟酸和核黄素。炒制后风味独特,口感细腻清脆,有淡淡的奶香味,广泛用作菜肴、糖果糕点的配料。丰富的营养和独特风味使其身价日增,成为国际市场最受欢迎的高级坚果。
   澳洲坚果商品化发展只有数十年历史。我国最早于 1910 年引种在台湾。 80 年代初我国西南和东南各省开始局部规模种植。近年,宜植地带各国都积极发展该产业,全球果仁年产量 4 万 吨,而需求为 40 万吨,缺口巨大,具有广阔的国际国内市场。在适宜条件下( 雨量、土壤、温度、光照等 ),采用正确的品种、正确的种植抚管技术,定植后 4-5 年可达丰产,丰产期长达 60-70 年,甚至更长,且随树龄增长产量也增加,其每亩产出价值数倍于其它热带亚热带经济作物,是最有发展前景的特色经济林木,从退耕还林保持水土的生态意义来看,也是最理想的首选树种。澳洲坚果容易种植,产值高,经济寿命长,一朝栽培长期受益,是农家的“摇钱树”。

Macadamia
The oil content of good quality kernels is varying from 60 to 80 per cent which is the highest for any oil yielding nut. The nuts are eaten raw, dried, dry roasted, lightly roasted in coconut oil or in confectionary products. There are convincing evidence that the macadamia nuts are good to health and therefore dietitians are used to recommending macadamia nuts in a health diet.
Suitable site for macadamia in China are mainly concentrated on Yunnan Province southwest of China. Accurat figures of areas is not availabe because independent farmers are willing to try this crop due to its high income. It is estimated that Yunnan have developed more than 2000 ha macadamia. But few farmers have trained and therefore tree are grown not good due to deficiency of managing and skills.